What is Alexander Disease?
Alexander disease is a rare, genetic, degenerative disorder of the nervous system. It is one of a group of genetic disorders called the leukodystrophies that affect growth of the myelin sheath — the fatty covering which acts as an insulator — on nerve fibers in the brain. Alexander disease, which affects mostly males, is usually nonfamilial and begins at about 6 months of age. Symptoms may include mental and physical retardation, dementia, enlargement of the brain and head, spasticity (stiffness of arms and/or legs), and seizures. In addition to the infantile form, juvenile and adult onset forms of the disorder have been reported. These forms occur less frequently and have a longer course of progression.
Is there any treatment?
There is no cure for Alexander disease, nor is there a standard course of treatment. Treatment of Alexander disease is symptomatic and supportive.
What is the prognosis?
The prognosis for individuals with Alexander disease is generally poor. Most children with the infantile form do not survive past the age of 6. In the juvenile form death usually occurs within 10 years after the onset of symptoms.
What research is being done?
The NINDS supports research on genetic disorders including leukodystrophies such as Alexander disease. The goals of this research are to find ways to prevent, treat, and, ultimately, cure these disorders.
Select this link to view a list of studies currently seeking patients.
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 1968
(55 Kenosia Avenue)
Danbury, CT 06813-1968
orphan@rarediseases.org
http://www.rarediseases.org
Tel: 203-744-0100 Voice Mail 800-999-NORD (6673)
Fax: 203-798-2291
United Leukodystrophy Foundation
2304 Highland Drive
Sycamore, IL 60178
ulf@tbcnet.com
http://www.ulf.org
Tel: 815-895-3211 800-728-5483
Fax: 815-895-2432